{"id":30608,"date":"2025-09-10T16:09:58","date_gmt":"2025-09-10T14:09:58","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/insieme.ch\/?p=30608"},"modified":"2025-09-12T11:50:34","modified_gmt":"2025-09-12T09:50:34","slug":"prendre-ses-propres-decisions-grace-a-un-soutien","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/insieme.ch\/fr\/news\/inclusion\/prendre-ses-propres-decisions-grace-a-un-soutien\/","title":{"rendered":"Prendre ses propres d\u00e9cisions gr\u00e2ce \u00e0 un soutien"},"content":{"rendered":"

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Les personnes en situation de handicap doivent \u00eatre soutenues dans la formation de leur propre opinion plut\u00f4t que d’\u00eatre repr\u00e9sent\u00e9es dans leurs d\u00e9cisions. C’est ce que pr\u00e9conise la Convention des Nations Unies relative aux droits des personnes handicap\u00e9es (CDPH). Comment cela peut-il concr\u00e8tement fonctionner ? Une \u00e9tude d\u00e9crit de quelle mani\u00e8re le droit suisse en mati\u00e8re de protection des adultes et de capacit\u00e9 d’exercice des droits civils pourrait se d\u00e9velopper.<\/strong><\/h4>\n

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L’\u00e9tude men\u00e9e par le professeur Daniel Rosch, de la Haute \u00e9cole de Lucerne (HSLU) consid\u00e8re la prise de d\u00e9cision assist\u00e9e et la repr\u00e9sentation comme les deux p\u00f4les d’un m\u00eame spectre. Dans le cas de la repr\u00e9sentation \u2013 par exemple lors d’une curatelle de port\u00e9e g\u00e9n\u00e9rale \u2013, la personne repr\u00e9sentante prend les d\u00e9cisions \u00e0 la place de la personne incapable de discernement. Lors de prises de d\u00e9cisions assist\u00e9es, la personne ayant besoin d’aide re\u00e7oit le soutien n\u00e9cessaire pour prendre elle-m\u00eame une d\u00e9cision \u00e9clair\u00e9e.<\/p>\n

Prise en compte de la volont\u00e9 et non du bien de la personne<\/strong><\/h4>\n

La prise en compte de la volont\u00e9 et des pr\u00e9f\u00e9rences de la personne est une pr\u00e9occupation centrale de l’article 12 de la CDPH. Les souhaits, id\u00e9es et d\u00e9cisions d’une personne en situation de handicap sont ainsi au centre de la d\u00e9marche, et non les \u00e9valuations externes de ce qui pourrait \u00eatre \u00ab bon \u00bb ou \u00ab juste \u00bb pour cette derni\u00e8re. L’\u00e9tude conclut que cette pr\u00e9occupation est d\u00e9j\u00e0 ancr\u00e9e dans le principe dans le droit suisse de la protection de l’adulte. Toutefois, pour qu’elle soit respect\u00e9e dans la pratique, la volont\u00e9 pr\u00e9sum\u00e9e des personnes durablement incapables de discernement doit \u00e9galement \u00eatre d\u00e9termin\u00e9e. La personne repr\u00e9sentante doit donc prendre la d\u00e9cision que la personne aurait vraisemblablement prise elle-m\u00eame. L’auteur de l’\u00e9tude consid\u00e8re qu’une telle repr\u00e9sentation, bas\u00e9e sur la volont\u00e9 et les pr\u00e9f\u00e9rences de la personne, constitue un soutien au sens de la CDPH.<\/p>\n

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\"Une<\/p>\n

La prise en compte de la volont\u00e9 et des pr\u00e9f\u00e9rences de la personne est une pr\u00e9occupation centrale de la CDPH. \u00a9 Cyril Zingaro \/ insieme Suisse<\/p>\n<\/div>\n

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Le bien de la personne est l\u2019un des \u00e9l\u00e9ments auquel le droit actuel de la protection de l’adulte fait r\u00e9f\u00e9rence. Par cons\u00e9quent, lorsqu’elle prend une d\u00e9cision pour la personne repr\u00e9sent\u00e9e, la personne repr\u00e9sentante peut \u00e9galement se baser sur la notion objective de bien pour la personne, c’est-\u00e0-dire la meilleure solution objective. Cela constitue une violation de la CDPH. L’\u00e9tude recommande donc, d’une part, de proposer des informations et des formations aux personnes repr\u00e9sentantes, cela afin de garantir une mise en \u0153uvre du droit actuel de la protection de l’adulte conform\u00e9ment \u00e0 la CDPH. D’autre part, le droit de la protection de l’adulte doit \u00eatre r\u00e9vis\u00e9 et l’orientation vers la volont\u00e9 pr\u00e9sum\u00e9e de la personne concern\u00e9e doit \u00eatre clairement prescrite.<\/p>\n

Aide \u00e0 la prise de d\u00e9cision et mesures de protection<\/strong><\/h4>\n

Pour qu’un syst\u00e8me d’aide \u00e0 la prise de d\u00e9cision puisse vraiment respecter la volont\u00e9 de la personne qui a besoin d’aide, des mesures de protection sont n\u00e9cessaires. L’\u00e9tude pr\u00e9sente ainsi les possibilit\u00e9s de r\u00e9vision du droit de la protection de l’adulte ainsi que des dispositions r\u00e9gissant l\u2019exercice des droits civils.<\/p>\n

L\u2019\u00e9tude montre clairement qu’il existe des choses \u00e0 entreprendre tant au niveau de la loi que de sa mise en \u0153uvre. En ajustant la loi et la pratique, il est possible de mettre sur pied un syst\u00e8me de prise de d\u00e9cision assist\u00e9e qui permette aux personnes en situation de handicap mental de mener une vie de mani\u00e8re encore plus autonome.<\/p>\n

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Synth\u00e8se de l’\u00e9tude<\/a><\/p>\n<\/p><\/div>\n<\/p><\/div>\n<\/p><\/div>\n<\/p><\/div>\n<\/p><\/div>\n<\/p><\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n


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L’\u00e9tude a \u00e9t\u00e9 mandat\u00e9e par le Bureau f\u00e9d\u00e9ral de l’\u00e9galit\u00e9 pour les personnes en situation de handicap (BFEH). Dans la premi\u00e8re partie de l’\u00e9tude, le professeur Rosch a analys\u00e9 la pertinence de la curatelle de port\u00e9e g\u00e9n\u00e9rale pour les personnes ayant besoin. Sa conclusion: cette derni\u00e8re peut \u00eatre supprim\u00e9e (voir notre news<\/a> d’avril 2025). Dans la deuxi\u00e8me partie, il s’est pench\u00e9 sur la prise de d\u00e9cision assist\u00e9e, telle qu\u2019exig\u00e9e par l’article 12 de la Convention des Nations Unies relative aux droits des personnes handicap\u00e9es (CDPH). Il a ainsi cherch\u00e9 \u00e0 savoir dans quelle mesure cette derni\u00e8re \u00e9tait d\u00e9j\u00e0 mise en \u0153uvre en Suisse et si des adaptations de la loi \u00e9taient n\u00e9cessaires. Contrairement \u00e0 l’auteur, le Comit\u00e9 de la CDPH estime que toute repr\u00e9sentation dans la prise de d\u00e9cision est une violation de la convention.<\/p>\n<\/p><\/div>\n<\/p><\/div>\n<\/p><\/div>\n<\/p><\/div>\n<\/p><\/div>\n<\/p><\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n

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Curatelle: une \u00e9tude souligne l\u2019importance d\u2019un soutien pour permettre aux personnes en situation de handicap de d\u00e9cider par elles-m\u00eames.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":3,"featured_media":30609,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_acf_changed":false,"footnotes":"","_wpscppro_dont_share_socialmedia":null,"_wpscppro_custom_social_share_image":0,"_facebook_share_type":"default","_twitter_share_type":"default","_linkedin_share_type":"default","_pinterest_share_type":"default","_linkedin_share_type_page":"","_instagram_share_type":"default","_medium_share_type":"default","_threads_share_type":"default","_google_business_share_type":"default","_selected_social_profile":[],"_wpsp_enable_custom_social_template":false,"_wpsp_social_scheduling":{"enabled":false,"datetime":null,"platforms":[],"status":"template_only","dateOption":"today","timeOption":"now","customDays":"","customHours":"","customDate":"","customTime":"","schedulingType":"absolute"},"_wpsp_active_default_template":true},"categories":[156,161],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-30608","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-inclusion","category-famille","wp-sticky"],"acf":[],"yoast_head":"\nPrendre 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